According to Energy Year Book 2003, primary commercial energy supplies have now reached at 47.1 million tones of oil equivalent (MTOE). During the year 2003, the oil supplies dropped due to lesser import of furnace oil and high speed diesel oil. It has also been noted that the import of coal for energy usage has been increased in the country. The cement industry has started using coal, both local as well as imported to replace natural gas and furnace oil. This trend has been seen for the last few years. As a result, a sharp decrease in consumption of gas by cement industry is seen during the last 5 years, which has dropped from 33 to about 9 million cubic feet per day. Similarly, oil consumption in cement industry has also dropped from 739,488 in 1998-99 to 367,898 tonnes in 2002-03. Consequently, both of these fuels are being replaced by coal in the cement
industries.
In other words, the share of various primary energy sources in energy supply mix during 2002-03 was: gas: 43.8%, oil: 38.3%, LPG: 0.4%, coal 5.4%, hydroelectricity: 11.3%, and nuclear electricity: 0.9%.
Brisk activities in oil and gas exploration are distinctly obvious so as to achieve the target of self sufficiency.As for example 32 exploratory wells for oil and gas were drilled and ten discoveries were made. In addition, 45 development wells were drilled during the year 2002-03. Average oil production was 64,268 barrels per day, while natural gas production reached an average of 2,719 million cubic feet perday. To sumup the oil and gas exploration activities,it may be recorded that the position up to June30,2003was as follows:
Oil and Gas Exploration as on July 1, 2003
Exploratory Wells 572
Development Wells 754
SedimentaryArea 827, 268 km2 (approximately)
Expl.Drilling Density One wellper 1446 km²
Discoveries 154
Oil 59
Gas 95
Overall Success Rate: 1:3:7
In the power sector, information on 30.4 MW Jagran hydropower projects of Azad Jammu
and Kashmir Hydro Electric Board (AJKHEB) has been included in the Yearbook as the electricity generated from this power project is purchased and supplied by WAPDA. AJKHEB is operating three more hydro projects: Kathai 1.6 MW, Leepa 1.6 MW and Kundal 2.0 MW but their production
so far is being distributed by the Board itself and does not involve WAPDA's network, hence not included here.
During 2002 - 03, 75,682 GWh electricity was produced as compared to 72,405 GWh in 2001-02, showing an increase of 4.0%. This increase is attributed to hydel generation which was up by 18% as compared to last year. The power generation included 68.2% thermal, 29.5% hydel and 2:3% nuclear. Electricity consumption also increased by 4.0% from 50,622 to 52,655 GWh during 2002-2003. Major increases in consumption were in the commercial sector (9.1%) followed by agriculture sector (7.3%), industrial (6.9), and domestic(1.8%).
Energy situation is described in brief in the foregoing paragraphs: by way of conclusion it is clear that ease in energy situation depends on the availability of energy mineral resources. The important among them are water, petroleum (oil and gas), coal and radioactive minerals. Pakistan, fortunately, has enough scope of these minerals and there is no room of pessimism since more and more recent exploration techniques are today contributing to hither to unexpected mineral occurrences throughout the world. Water is a miraculous mineral and its wonderful power needs no explanation.Other minerals are described in later post.
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